Usmle Step 1 - 2023
Chromatin Structure 1
19m
Chromatin Structure 2
11m
Chromatin Structure 3
2m
Nucleotides
De Novo Purine and Pyrimidine Synthesis
10m
Purine Salvage Deficiencies
13m
DNA Replication
20m
DNA Repair
8m
Mutations in DNA
Lac operon
5m
Functional Organisation of Eukaryotic Gene
7m
RNA Processing
Splicing
tRNA
Protein Synthesis
12m
Cell Cycle
16m
Endoplasmic Reticulum and Cell Trafficking
9m
Peroxisome, Proteosome, and Cytoskeletal Elements
14m
Cilia
6m
Collagen
Collagen Diseases
Elastin
PCR, CRISRP9 and Blotting
17m
Flow Cytometry, Microarrays and ELISA
15m
Karyotype, FISH, Cloning and Modifications of Gene Expression
Terms 1
Terms 2
18m
Hardy Weinberg and Imprinting
Modes of Inheritance
Cystic Fibrosis
Muscular Dystrophies
Mitochondrial Diseases, Rett, Fragile X and Trinucleotide Repeat
Autosomal Trisomies
Fatty Acids, Vitamins and Supplements
Vitamin A and B1
B2, B3, B5, B6
B7, B9
4m
B12
C
D and E
K, Zinc and Energy Malnutrition
Ethanol Metabolism
Terminology and Rate-limiting Enzymes
Carriers, Electron Acceptors and Hexokinase vs Glucokinase
Glycolysis Regulation
Pyruvate, TCA Cycle, Electron Transport Chain and Gluconeogenesis
HMP Shunt and G6PD Deficiency
Disorders of Fructose and Galactose Metabolism
Sorbitol
Lactase Deficiency
Amino Acids
1m
Urea Cycle
Transport of Ammonia By Alanine
Hyperammonemia
3m
OTC Deficiency
Catecholamine Synthesis Tyrosine Catabolism
Phenylketonuria
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
Alkaptonuria
Homocystinuria
Organic Acidemias
Glycogen Regulation
Glycogen Storage
Lysosomal Storage
Fatty Acid Metabolism
Ketone Bodies
Metabolic Fuel Use
Lipid Transport
Lipoprotein 1
Lipoprotein 2
Lymph Node
Spleen
Thymus
Innate vs Adaptive Immunity
MHC
Major Functions of B and T cells
Differentiation of T cells
T- and B-cell Activation
Antibody Structure and Function
Immunoglobulin Isotypes
Complement
Complement Disorders
Important Cytokines
Respiratory Burst
Cell Surface Proteins
Vaccination
Type I Hypersensitivity
Type II Hypersensitivity
Type III Hypersensitivity
Type IV Hypersensitivity
Immunologic Blood Transfusion Reactions
B-Cell Disorders
T-Cell Disorders
B- and T-Cell Disorders
Phagocyte Dysfunction
Infections in Immunodeficiency
Transplant Rejection
Immunosuppressants
Recombinant Cytokines
Bacterial Structures
21m
Stains
Special Culture Requirements
Bacterial Types 1
Bacterial Types 2
Bacterial Types 3
Bacterial Genetics
Exotoxins and Endotoxins
Bacteria with Exotoxins
Endotoxin
Gram-Positive Lab Algorithm
Staphylococcus
22m
Streptococcus
Enterococci
Bacillus
Clostridium
Diphtheria
Listeria
Nocardia vs Actinomyces
Tuberculosis
Leprosy
Gram-Negative Lab Algorithm
Neisseria
Haemophilus
Pertussis and Brucella
Legionella
Pseudomonas
Salmonella vs Shigella
Escherichia Coli
Klebsiella
Campylobacter Jejuni
Vibrio Cholerae
Helicobacter Pylori
Lyme Disease
Leptospira
Syphilis
Diagnosing Syphilis
Chlamydia
Gardnerella Vaginalis
Rickettsial Diseases
Mycoplasma
Systemic Mycoses
Opportunistic Fungal Infections
Pneumocystis jirovecii
Sporothrix Schenckii
Protozoa—Gastrointestinal Infections
Protozoa—CNS Infections
Protozoa—Hematologic Infections
Protozoa—Others
Nematodes
Cestodes and Trematodes
Ectoparasites
Viral Genetics
Viral Genomes
DNA Viruses
Herpesviruses 1
Herpesviruses 2
RNA Viruses
Influenza and Rubella
Croup.Measles and Mumps
Arboviruses Transmitted By Aedes Mosquitoes
Rabies and Ebola
COVID-19
Hepatitis 1
25m
Hepatitis 2
HIV
Common Diseases of HIV Patients
Prions
Systems
Osteomyelitis
Red Rashes of Childhood
Urinary Tract Infections
Vaginal Infections
STDs
TORCH
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Healthcare-Associated Infections
Bugs Affecting Unvaccinated Children
Penicillin
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems, Aztreonam, Vancomycin
Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines
Chloramphenicol
Clindamycin
Linezolid
Macrolides
Polymyxins
58s
Nucleotides Synthesis Inhibitors
Fluoroquinolones
Daptomycin
Metronidazole
TB Drugs
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis
Polyenes and Flucytosine
Other Antifungals, and Antiparasitic
Influenza Treatment
Common Antivirals
HIV Therapy
Hepatitis C Therapy
Cellular Adaptations
Cell Injury
Apoptosis
Necrosis
Ischemia
Free Radical Injury
Ionizing Radiation
Calcification
Amyloidosis
Inflammation
Acute Inflammation
Leukocyte Extravasation
Chronic Inflammation and Wound Healing
Granulomatous Inflammation
Scar Formation
Neoplasia
Tumor Nomenclature, Stage and Grade
Hallmarks of Cancer
Immune Checkpoint
Common Metastases
Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes
Carcinogens
Serum Tumor Markers
Important Stains
Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Normal Aging
Enzyme Kinetics
29m
Pharmacokinetics
23m
Metabolism and Elimination
Urine pH and Drug Elimination
Efficacy vs Potency
Receptor Binding
Drug Effect Modification
Autonomic Receptors
Micturition Control
G-protein–Linked Second Messengers
Autonomic Drugs
Cholinomimetic Drugs
Muscarinic Antagonists
Sympathomimetics
Physiologic Effects of Sympathomimetics
Sympatholytics and α-Blockers
β-blockers
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Ingested Seafood Toxins
Drug Reactions—Cardiovascular
Drug Reactions Endocrine Reproductive GI
Drug Reactions—Hematologic MS Skin
Drug Reactions—Neurologic and Others
Drugs Affecting Pupil and CYP450
Observational Studies 1
28m
Observational Studies 2
Clinical Therapeutic Trials
Quantifying Risk
Demographic Transition
Evaluation of Diagnostic Tests
Precision vs Accuracy, Incidence vs Prevalence
Bias
Confounding vs Effect Modification
Statistical Distribution
Hypothesis Testing
Confidence Interval and Common Statistical Tests
Pearson Correlation
Core Ethical Principles
Decision-Making Capacity
Informed Consent
Advance Directives
Ventilator-Assisted Life Support and Surrogate Decision Makers
Confidentiality
Gifts
Patient-Centered Interviewing Techniques
Gender and Sexuality
Cultural Formulation
Motivational Interviewing
Trauma-Informed Care
Challenging Patient and Ethical Scenarios 1
Challenging Patient and Ethical Scenarios 2
Communicating in Patients with Disabilities and Interpreters
Disease Prevention and Insurance Plans
Healthcare Payment Models and Palliative Care
Quality and Safety
Medical Errors
Heart Morphogenesis 1
Heart Morphogenesis 2
Heart Embryology
Fetal Circulation
Heart Anatomy
Cardiac Output Variables
Cardiac Output Equations
Starling Curves
Resistance, Pressure and Flow
Cardiac and Vascular Function Curves
Arteriovenous Shunt
Pressure-Volume Loops
Cardiac Cycle
Aortic Stenosis and Regurgitation
Mitral Stenosis
Mitral Regurgitation
Splitting of S2
Auscultation of The Heart
Systolic Murmurs
Diastolic and Continuous Murmurs
Myocardial Action Potential
Pacemaker Action Potential
Electrocardiogram
Baroreceptors and Chemoreceptors
Normal Resting Cardiac Pressures
Capillary Fluid Exchange
Congenital Heart Diseases 1
Congenital Heart Diseases 2
Coarctation of The Aorta
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension
Hypertension
Hyperlipidemia Signs
Atherosclerosis
Cholesterol Emboli
Arteriolosclerosis
56s
Aortic Aneurysm
Aortic Dissection
Subclavian Steal
Ischemic Heart Disease Manifestations
Coronary Steal
Sudden Cardiac Death
Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease
Myocardial Infarction
Evolution of MI
Diagnosis of MI
Narrow Complex Tachycardia
Wolff-Parkinson-White
Wide Complex Tachycardia
Hereditary Channelopathies
Conduction Blocks
Premature Beats
Myocardial Infarction Complications
Acute Coronary Syndrome Treatment
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy
Heart Failure
High-Output Heart Failure
Shock
Cardiac Tamponade
Syncope
Infective Endocarditis
Rheumatic Fever
Syphilitic Heart
Acute Pericarditis
Constrictive Pericarditis
Kussmaul Sign
47s
Myocarditis
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telengiectasia
Cardiac Tumors
Hypertension Treatment
Calcium Channel Blockers
Hydralazine
Hypertensive Emergency Treatment
Nitrates
Antianginal Therapy
Lipid-Lowering Agents
Digoxin
Class IA and B anti-Arrhythmic
Class IC anti-Arrhythmic
Antiarrhythmics Class II
Antiarrhythmics Class III
Antiarrhythmics Class IV
Other Antiarrhythmics
Thyroid Development
Pituitary Gland
Adrenal Cortex and Medulla
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Hormones
Growth Hormone
Antidiuretic Hormone
Prolactin
Thyroid Hormones
Parathyroid Hormone
Calcium Homeostasis
Calcitonin and Glucagon
Insulin
Adrenal Steroids
Cortisol
Appetite Regulation
Signaling Pathways of Endocrine Hormones
Signaling Pathways of Steroid Hormones
SIADH
Primary Polydipsia and Diabetes Insipidus
Hypopituitarism
Acromegaly
Hypothyroidism vs Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Thyroid Adenoma
Thyroid Cancer
Diagnosing Parathyroid Disease
Hypoparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism
Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Hyperglycemic Emergencies
Hypoglycemia in Diabetes
Cushing Syndrome
Nelson Syndrome
Adrenal Insufficiency
Hyperaldosteronism
Neuroendocrine Tumors
Neuroblastoma
Pheochromocytoma
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumors
Carcinoid Tumors
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Diabetes Mellitus Therapy
Thionamides
Levothyroxine, Liothyronine
Hypothalamic Pituitary Drugs
Cinacalcet, Sevelamer and Cation Exchange Resins
Normal GI Embryology
Ventral Wall Defects
Tracheoesophageal Abnormalities
Intestinal Atresia
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Pancreas and Spleen Embryology
Retroperitoneal Structures
Important Gastrointestinal Ligaments
Digestive Tract Anatomy
Digestive Tract Histology
Abdominal Aorta and Branches
Gastrointestinal Blood Supply and Innervation
Celiac Trunk
Portosystemic Anastomosis
Pectinate Line
Liver Tissue
Biliary Structures
Femoral Region
Inguinal Canal
Myopectineal Orifice
Hernias
Diaphragmatic Hernia
Inguinal Hernia
Femoral Hernia
Gastrointestinal Regulatory Substances
Gastrointestinal Secretory Products
Pancreatic Secretions
Carbohydrate Absorption
Vitamin and Mineral Absorption
Peyer Patches
Bile
Bilirubin
Oral Pathologies
Achalasia
Other Esophageal Pathologies
Barrett Esophagus
Esophageal Cancer
Gastritis
Ménétrier Disease
Gastric Cancer
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Ulcer Complications
Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Celiac Disease
Lactose Intolerance
Pancreatic Insufficiency
Tropical Sprue
57s
Whipple Disease
Crohn Disease
Ulcerative Colitis
Microscopic Colitis
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Appendicitis
Diverticula of The GI Tract
Zenker Diverticulum
Meckel Diverticulum
Hirschsprung Disease
Malrotation
Intussusception
Volvulus
Other Intestinal Disorders
Colonic Polyps
Polyposis Syndromes
Lynch Syndrome
Molecular Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal Cancer
Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Serum Markers of Liver Pathology
Reye Syndrome
Alcoholic Liver Disease
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Liver Tumors
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
α1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
Jaundice
Benign Neonatal Jaundice
Biliary Atresia
Hereditary Hyperbilirubinemia
Wilson Disease
Hemochromatosis
Biliary Tract Disease
Cholelithiasis
Related Pathologies
Cholangiocarcinoma
Pancreatitis
Pancreatic Cancer